Blueprint Reading Free Exam

Cabinetry and casework, as well as hardware, are taken-off by each. Plastic laminate countertops are taken-off by the LF, done by measuring the countertop at the abutting wall. Alternatively, countertop surface, laminate sheets for field fabrications, are taken-off by SF.

Convert inches to decimals of feet: T + B/2 x H x l = CF; 0.5 + 1.6% x 1.5 x 78 = CF; 2.1% x 117 = 1.08 x 117 = 126.36 CF

Bricks come in numerous types and sizes. Sizes are nominal, not actual. The difference between actual and nominal is made up
by the thickness of the mortar. Most are modular in design, and generally a multiple of 4".

Lower strength, Grade 40 rebar, has a yield strength of 40,000 psi. Premium grade, Grade 75, is usually not stocked by
suppliers, and has a yield strength of 75,000 psi. When more tension than its yield strength is put on the Grade 75 bar, it will become permanently deformed.

Where the frost line is near the surface, and when there is not enough space for a full basement, crawl space foundations are constructed to provide access to plumbing and wiring.

Basic types of roof systems include built-up, single-ply, metal and shingles and tile. Individual components of a built-up and single-ply systems are taken-off separately. Metal roofs are taken-off by the SF, with trim pieces taken-off by LF. For shingle and tile roof systems, underlayments are taken-off by the SF, and can be extended to the square. Special hip and ridge tiles or cap shingles are taken off by the LF, or in cases of clay tiles, by each. Drip edges and ridge vents are taken-off by the LF and can be converted to each.

When figuring the amount of length of molding, the length of the perimeter of the room, minus openings, is measured. The 10-15 percent waste factor is added. Suppliers generally send slightly more since they send the length on hand that adds up close to the amount ordered.

Divide the amount received by 40 percent (convert 40 percent to decimal form) $460.0%.40 = $1,150.00

Requirements, Contract Forms, General Conditions and Specifications. These sections are further subdivided into 16 divisions.

General Conditions within the contract cite the specific order so a dispute may be settled without the need for interpretation
or arbitration. However, the legal precedent dictates that the Contract Agreement has priority, followed by the Specifications
and Plan Drawings.

Recommended slack at each outlet is 8". However when estimating a wire-run, an additional 20 percent should be added to the length to account for wire not running in a straight line. Ail wires and conductors are taken-off per LF. All fittings, devices and boxes are taken-off per each item.

Bending stress is an important consideration for exterior walls exposed to wind. Axial stress is considered for loadbearing walls.
For non-bearing walls, 18 gauge studs, 16’ O.C. (3-5/8" or 4") may be used for interior walls up to 10 feet high without bracing, 12 feet with bracing; for exterior walls with 20 psf wind loads, 3-5/8" studs may be used up to 9 ft. high, 4" studs up to 10 ft. high, 6" studs up to 14" high.

Modifications, revisions or additional clarifications for any reason, added to the contract during the bidding period, after the
drawings are issued, are addenda. They can only be issued by the designer, must be in writing, and become part of the contract document.

Floor framing includes the girder, sill plates, sill sealer, joists, band or box joist and subfloor sheathing. The girder is at a specific midpoint in width intended to reduce the overall span of the joist. Sills or sill plates are typically 2’ x 6' or 2" x 8". Sills are doubled-up on some plans. Anchor bolts secure sills to the top of the foundation. The sill sealer acts as an insect and air infiltration barrier. Joists provide floor support and are spaced typically at 12 16" or 24" O.C. Box or band joists run perpendicular to the joists
at their ends. Subflooring is laid perpendicular to the joists and is typically plywood. Take-offs for girders, sills and sill sealer are by the LF. Built-up girders and sills must be multiplied by the number of members or pieces.

Vertical control joints are provided for expansion and contraction support for the wall. They require compressible pre-molded joint
filler. Control joints vary by thickness and are taken-off by the vertical linear foot (VLF).

$1560.00/$7800.00 = 20 percent

(Length x 3/4")+2 studs for each corner, intersection and opening.; (260 x 3/4") +2(14+12 +22); 195+96 = 291 studs

Studs are used as the vertical components of the metal wall system, and the steel track is the horizontal component.
Regardless of the take-off method used, the contractor must separate walls of different stud widths, gauges, height, on-center spacing, etc.

A story pole is a straight piece of wood with the desired height marked on that is used to mark the trimmer stud at each window with the required height. In most cases, designers desire that the window heads be lined up with the door head jamb, which is usually 6'-8" (2.03 m) above the floor.

Class ABC fire extinguishers are multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers, which cover the possibility of the three basic types of fires.

The schematic drawings are conceptual and are the first representation of the owner’s needs, spatial requirements and how the building will ultimately function.

Buildings which require mechanical plans and specifications have an area of 15,000 sq, ft. or more, which includes the
basement. Buildings with environmental heating or absorption cooling systems with a BTU input capacity greater than 350,000 also require mechanical plans and specifications.

A standard interior door is 6'-8" high, 2'-0" to 3'-0" wide and typically 1-3/8" thick, with 1-3/4" thick, softwood frames.

Copper is considered an excellent hot and cold water distribution material. It is resistant to corrosion and does not rust. Hot and cold water piping is referred to as domestic water piping and excludes piping for fire protection systems. Standard piping materials are types L and K copper tubing. Water piping is taken-off by LF and fittings are taken-off individually.

Insulation blankets and batts with protective water-resistant paper coverings are installed with the paper facing the interior of the building to keep dampness and moisture away from the wallboard and batting. Plastic sheeting forms a vapor barrier in place of the insulation paper. When unfaced blankets are used, the entire wall must be covered with plastic sheets.

Bulk excavation includes moving large amounts of material to establish new grades for buildings, roads, parking lots, etc. The
cross-section method divides the specified area for excavation and/or grading into grid sections. Cut and fill information is
plotted and connected forming contours. An efficient procedure is to place the new contour over the existing contour, or grading plan. Elevations of the intersection of horizontal and vertical lines are used to interpolate calculations of necessary cut and fill quantities.

Before siding is installed the sheathing is usually covered with asphalt-impregnated builder's paper in a water-tight vaporpermeable plastic sheet. This permits water vapor in wall cavities to pass through to the outside, preventing moisture damage.

Included in the set of house plans are: the plot plan, floor plan, foundation or basement plan, elevation drawings showing front,
rear and side views of the building, electrical, plumbing, heating, and AC layouts.

Plastic pipe support is very important but receives little attention with adverse results. Support spacing depends upon pipe size, operating temp, wall thickness and mechanical properties of the specific pipe material. Specific support spacings are available from the pipe manufacturers.

Methods for supporting shelves include the use of brackets carried in notches, brackets held with wood screws, wood pins and metal or plastic shelf pins. When plywood shelving is used, it should be faced with solid stock.